Congrès Mondial des Études sur le Moyen-Orient et l'Afrique du Nord

Barcelone, du 19 au 24 julliet 2010

· NOT_DEFINED language: English

· NOT_DEFINED description:


Chair: Helena Olivan (Oficina de promoció de la Pau i dels Drets Humans)

Paper presenter: Cagnur Kaytmaz Balsari (Assistant Professor-Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Business, Turkey), “Gender Differences in Ethical Decision-making for Future Accounting Professionals in a Cultural Context”
This study is an empirical examination of possible differences between female and male accounting majors'' ethical judgments, and ethical behavioral intentions regarding conflicting ethical situations in cultural context. Subjects will be presented with two different vinagerettes that includes an ethical conflict. Taking Hofstede’s framework of cultural differences, Turkey is shown as high power distance and low individualism culture overall. Females may be more influenced by potential sanctions such as a reduction in status (Leming, 1980), and may be more prone to obey societal rules as long as they have no special reason. For this reason, it is expected that females will demonstrate Turkish cultural orientation more then males when faced an ethical dilemma.

Paper presenter: Ebru Gunlu, Tugba Pala and Roya Rahimi (Assistant Professor, Research Assistant and PhD Student), “The Effects of Societal Values and Religion on Women’s Career Development: Comparison of Turkey and Iran”
Especially, in muslim countries there exist some problems because of women’s social identity. Social values and religion are not the only factors that affect the economic activities of women but the society and the religious perceptions play an enormous role on women’s career preferences and development. This study questions to which extend and in which circumstances the career development of women is being affected by the societal values and religion. The reason why women living in Iran and Turkey are involved as a sample is because of the basic similarities and some differences between two countries. Religion, language, life style, societal perceptions can be considered as the similarities whereas political and level of development differences, the prospects of European countries and their political perceptions should be taken into consideration as well. Therefore, this research focuses on Muslim women’s career development. The aims of the research are to: Investigate whether societal values, politics and religion of a country affect women’s career choices; Identify whether societal values and religion have some effects on dressing, behaviors and relations of women during their career life; Investigate the differences of women’s career life and development among two countries sharing the same religion; Turkey and Iran. Consequently, the research was conducted in each country simultaneously, 75 women were interviewed and content analysis was adopted to the data collected in frame of qualitative research methods. This research will contribute to management and organization literature especially in discipline of human resources management while questioning the problems of women during their career development.

Paper presenter: MA. Rezvanossadat Jazayeri and Dr.Iran Baghban (University of Isfahan, Iran), “Forms of Stereotype of Gender and Spouse Offence”
Domestic violence as one of major psycho-social injuries has a long history in the life of human. One of these kinds of injuries which is very common among different people; race, religion and social status around the world is wife abuse. Therefore this problem, even for policy makers and public opinion is looked on as a socially normal behavior compared to the cultural logic. Wife abuse arises in different ways such as physical, psychological, economical, sexual, law and religious. As a result of this situation females are engaged in different psychological problems such as; fear, anger, hopelessness, distress, and private problems particularly regarding their relationship with children. Varied elements may cause men to choose violence against their spouse which are different e.g. occupation or income status and marriage affairs, low self esteem, social isolation, number of children, level of education and etc. and at the gender stereotype some important factors may rise from religion, race or culture in following terms; men being wiser and superior or that men are owner of all things including women. The family instruction system as the centre for construction of such morality from the beginning provides such inequality in the family between boys and girls. This approach is supposed to be an offensive motivation therefore; it has resulted in some international institutions like the UN to react against it. Regarding to its measure of importance, this article endeavors to examine the stereotype of gender amongst men and women at the threshold of marriages in Iran.